Notes for 5th Period~Friday, November 10th
In 1828 Congress passed the Tariff Bill on imported goods to protect industries. It's the highest tariff so far.
The Northern producers like it but the Southerners, who buy imported goods hate it. The opposition calls it the "Tariff of Abomination".
South Carolina takes the lead in opposing the tariff.
The South is already worried about the future of slavery because they are seeing lots of states with gradual emancipation.
The vice president, Calhoun borrows the ideas of Jefferson and Madison on:
*states rights
*states have final say in laws passed by the national government
*states don't have to enforce the Alien and Sedition Act or the Tariff Bill if they don't want to.
President Jackson is enraged and beside himself because while he supports states rights as well, he thinks the tariff is the federal government's business. He views it as under foreign policy.
Jackson says that to not follow the Tariff Bill is treason and punishable by hanging.
At the same time as he is saying this, he goes to Congress and asks them to lower the Tariff. And Congress does.
So, the Tariff of 1832 lowers the Tariff Bill significantly but it's still not enough for the South.
South Carolina holds a convention and formally nullifies the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832.
Jackson goes to Congress and asks for the Force Bill allowing him to raise an army and go to South Carolina.
Congress passes the Compromise Tariff of 1833 that slowly lowers the tariff over the course of several years.
Jackson is satisfied. South Carolina accepts the new tariff but nullifies the Force Bill.
South Carolina was in this arguement by herself with only vague promises of help from other states.
The Kitchen Cabinent refers to Jacksons informal group of advisors/friends that he goes to for advice.
-------------------
Postal Campaign:
In the early 1830s the middle-class evangelicals started the abolitionist campaign that was headed up by William Lloyd Garrison, author of The Liberator. They begin to flood the postal network with abolitionist pamphlets and writings. People in both the North and the South were offended because the North buy the slave-grown cotton from the South and thus still benefit from the slaves.
Jackson wants to stop the Postal Campaign and consider passing a law.
Calhoun argues that the states can pull out the materials on their own if they want to.
The eventual solution is to just let it go and postal workers were allowed to remove the pamphlets as they wished.
Congress passes the Gag Rule that abidges the right of petition to prevent the discussion of slavery in Congress.
--------------------
In 1816, Congress charters the 2nd Bank of America. The federal governement places all it's money in it but some state banknotes (paper money) got mixed up with the rest. The Bank has the power to demand that the South redeem these notes in gold and silver (specie).
This causes the states to refrain from issuing inflationary notes that it couldn't back up with gold and silver. The Bank issues it's own banknotes in hopes that the states will stop producing their own banknotes all together.
Jackson opposes the bank because he lost money to a bank once and he doesn't trust the bank.
He questions the constitutionalty of the 2nd Bank. This issue was already decided in the case of McCulloch vs. Maryland. It said the Constitution gave the federal government "implied powers" that include chartering a bank.
-------------------
Henry Clay and Daniel Webster attempt to embarrass Jackson who is up for re-election. They convince the Bank to ask Congress to renew it's Charter even though it won't be up for a lang time. They think that because Jackson wants to win the election, he will be caught as a hypocrite and sign the renewal.
BUT
He vetoes it. He calls the Bank, "The Monster"
Jackson is re-elected.
He sets out to kill the bank. He pulls all the federal money out of the Bank and puts it all in state banks or "pet banks".
Finally we have reached the end of my tiresome notes.
Hope everyone has a great weekend.
*Rachel*
The Northern producers like it but the Southerners, who buy imported goods hate it. The opposition calls it the "Tariff of Abomination".
South Carolina takes the lead in opposing the tariff.
The South is already worried about the future of slavery because they are seeing lots of states with gradual emancipation.
The vice president, Calhoun borrows the ideas of Jefferson and Madison on:
*states rights
*states have final say in laws passed by the national government
*states don't have to enforce the Alien and Sedition Act or the Tariff Bill if they don't want to.
President Jackson is enraged and beside himself because while he supports states rights as well, he thinks the tariff is the federal government's business. He views it as under foreign policy.
Jackson says that to not follow the Tariff Bill is treason and punishable by hanging.
At the same time as he is saying this, he goes to Congress and asks them to lower the Tariff. And Congress does.
So, the Tariff of 1832 lowers the Tariff Bill significantly but it's still not enough for the South.
South Carolina holds a convention and formally nullifies the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832.
Jackson goes to Congress and asks for the Force Bill allowing him to raise an army and go to South Carolina.
Congress passes the Compromise Tariff of 1833 that slowly lowers the tariff over the course of several years.
Jackson is satisfied. South Carolina accepts the new tariff but nullifies the Force Bill.
South Carolina was in this arguement by herself with only vague promises of help from other states.
The Kitchen Cabinent refers to Jacksons informal group of advisors/friends that he goes to for advice.
-------------------
Postal Campaign:
In the early 1830s the middle-class evangelicals started the abolitionist campaign that was headed up by William Lloyd Garrison, author of The Liberator. They begin to flood the postal network with abolitionist pamphlets and writings. People in both the North and the South were offended because the North buy the slave-grown cotton from the South and thus still benefit from the slaves.
Jackson wants to stop the Postal Campaign and consider passing a law.
Calhoun argues that the states can pull out the materials on their own if they want to.
The eventual solution is to just let it go and postal workers were allowed to remove the pamphlets as they wished.
Congress passes the Gag Rule that abidges the right of petition to prevent the discussion of slavery in Congress.
--------------------
In 1816, Congress charters the 2nd Bank of America. The federal governement places all it's money in it but some state banknotes (paper money) got mixed up with the rest. The Bank has the power to demand that the South redeem these notes in gold and silver (specie).
This causes the states to refrain from issuing inflationary notes that it couldn't back up with gold and silver. The Bank issues it's own banknotes in hopes that the states will stop producing their own banknotes all together.
Jackson opposes the bank because he lost money to a bank once and he doesn't trust the bank.
He questions the constitutionalty of the 2nd Bank. This issue was already decided in the case of McCulloch vs. Maryland. It said the Constitution gave the federal government "implied powers" that include chartering a bank.
-------------------
Henry Clay and Daniel Webster attempt to embarrass Jackson who is up for re-election. They convince the Bank to ask Congress to renew it's Charter even though it won't be up for a lang time. They think that because Jackson wants to win the election, he will be caught as a hypocrite and sign the renewal.
BUT
He vetoes it. He calls the Bank, "The Monster"
Jackson is re-elected.
He sets out to kill the bank. He pulls all the federal money out of the Bank and puts it all in state banks or "pet banks".
Finally we have reached the end of my tiresome notes.
Hope everyone has a great weekend.
*Rachel*
posted by Anonymous | 8:52 PM
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