What Happened on Monday, February 12

Sorry this blog is late. Basically, on Monday we got back our DBQ essays and went over them and discussed what a good thesis looked like. Then we took some notes, finishing off chapter 23. So here's the notes we took:

Repression and Contradictions
>wartime repression: CPI's (Committee on Public Info--publicized and popularized war)campaigned against Germans --> Immigration Restriction Act of 1917
>Post-war Radicalism: mine workers and railroad workers called on the government to take over mines and railroads
>Longshoremen: on the Westcoast, refused to load ships with supplies for White Russians fighting the Lenin Bolshevik government

Radicals divided:Russian revolution split socialist party into 3 groups
>"socialists": followed Debs, supported democratic procedures
>"communists": advocating Leninism -- dictatorship of proletariat
>anarchists: called for violence
Americans didn't see the split--> feared communism was gaining a foothold

Red Scare (1919): government and private citizen action to repress radicalism
- 30 states passed sedition laws (punish advocates of revolution)
-try to Americanize ppl through campaigns
-universities fired radical professors
-American Legion: identified seditious ppl, ensured 100% Americanism
CLIMAX of Red Scare: Palmer Raids (New Years day 1920)

• Attourney General Palmer is nervous after a bomb goes off in his yard (or as Winston stated, "his house")
• Palmer's agents broke into homes and meeting places suspected of revolutionaries in 33 cities
• agents found few weapons
• arrested 6,000 ppl--> ppl put in jail without geing charged
• few months later non-citizens were deported, and the citizens were released

- Sacco and Vanzetti: 2 Italian anarchists charged w/ armed robbery and murder, both claimed innocense -convicted and sentenced to death (due to anarchist views) -numerous failed appeals -although the evidence against them was weak because of the Red Scare they were punished harshly

• "New Negro": returning African American soldiers, idea of being independent and proud
• thousands joined NAACP

Post-war discrimination BIG -black workers fired -->make way for returning whites -South lynch mobs targeted black veterans-->don't take insults--> lots of veterans lynched

Race Riots in other places increases death toll

• 1 experience of Race riots: Chicago 1919 black teenager swam too close to whites-only beach--> white mabs go into black neighborhoods and institutions --> blacks fought back -riot lasted 5 days, 38 dead

RAce Riots encourage the rise of Marcus Garvey and black nationalism

• idea: to build a black nation in Africa
• short-term: help African Americans achieve econ. and cultural independence
• created the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), members in 38 states
• black newspaper Negro World, 200,000 members
• movement failed--disputes w/ DuBois
• in 1927 Garvey was deported to Jamaica

End of Chapter 23