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Location: Fredericksburg, Virginia

Wednesday, November 12, 2008

Notes on Ch. 11 for Nov. 12

  • Once again, the time frame is the 1820s to the 1840s, and even some parts into the 1860s.
  • The Whigs, in case you've been sleeping in class, are one of the two parties; these are the ones who benefited from the Market Revolution, and wanted a bank established, and also wanted to think more about moral issue.
  • One of the most effected ideas that was questioned was races, and gender differences.
  • Most Whites, pre- Civil War, were taught to believe that there were natural differences based on gender.
  • Most pre-Civil war whites, convinced that there were differences in race as well, and knowledge was being presented that blacks were a different species from American whites.
  • Whites believed in exercising power over others; while they due this, religion, such as Protestant religion, begins to question these beliefs.
  • (1804) Every Northern state has taken an stand against slavery, a gradual emancipation.
    ( the slow moving movement towards free slaves.)
  • In the 1820s, there were only a handful of slaves in the North. Free blacks moved into the cities, and take up stable, but low paying jobs.
  • From 1820-on, a growing number of whites wage workers begin to edge blacks out of their jobs. African Americans are almost eliminated from the trade.
  • Slaves also lose their jobs on ships, on the docks, and also in the warehouses, by whites who were moving to cities from the countryside.
  • Legal discrimination against blacks begins to increase, with 1.) the arrival of Irish immigrants due to the famine. 2.) and also because of the economic depression 1830s.
  • Moves to lower the eligibility to vote for white male men raises.
  • African Americans are forced to build their own institutions.
  • The issue of race begins to work its way into politics, with the Whigs and Democrats.
  • In the 1820s, racism is also brought into political agenda.( Very Negative)
  • Educated people are being taught to think on racist terms.
  • Democrats welcome the scientific findings being taught of blacks being a different species.
  • Whigs support blacks right to vote. Not much mixing of races anywhere.
  • Before 1830s, only Quakers viewed the acts as morally wrong, as well as a couple religious groups, (Methodists, Presbyterians, etc.)
  • This comes to the founding of The American Colonization Society, founded in 1816.
  • Proposal of voulentary gradual emancipation is proposed.
  • Solution: Free African Americans, but the ship them back to Africa.
  • Few thousands leave and go to Liberia in Africa.
  • Southerners were against this, due to the losing of their labor workers, AND slaves didn't want to leave, due to their birth in America, and not knowing anything about how they live over in Africa.
  • Several countries in Latin America are freeing their slaves when Spain leaves LA.
  • Britain also free their slaves in Barbados, Jamaica, etc.
  • Religious revivals encourage more thinking of aberration
  • William Lloyd Garrison -from the North; White man, who publishes newspaper called The Liberator, which tells of how people in society need to see that Slavery is WRONG, how it is a sin, and demands the immediate emancipation, not gradually.
  • The American Anti-Slavery Society(1843) founded by Garrison, takes up his beliefs and views, and demands Civil Rights to free blacks
  • They begin a movement called the Postal Campaign.
  • They mail pamphlets to everyone, especially to Congressmen. They also send sign petitions to them, which infuriates them more.
  • Congress passes The Gag Rule, which states that any petition talking about freedom from slaves, and all petitions will be ignored, due to all wanting to forget all the groups.
  • Educated women aren't comfortable with jobs, and also begin a movement.
  • Due to all the happenings, women begin to think maybe women's rights were not truly put together rightfully.
  • Women have a convention called The Women's Rights Convention (1848), in Seneca Falls, NY where they spoke out against slavery, and for women's rights.
  • Expanded into a moral reform
  • And also, because of this, more and more women protested against prostitution.
We will pick this up tomorrow. Remember test on Monday!

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