December 8th, 2008

• Dicussed APAH project (due this thursday).
• Watched video on start up to Civil War
  
• 2 yrs prior Lincoln's term, US in turmoil; When gained office - US declining (1861)
• North and South spliting
• Confederate States of America began w/ South Carolina
• Civil War had teens vs. teens and family vs. family
  
  Industrial North
• South split from North
• North rise w/ trade gaining goods by railroads and canals; Increased industrialization
• 30,000 miles of railroads
• Multiple goods, interchangable parts, and cloths; Aided US market
  
  South
• Has tobacco, rice, cotton and other cash crops
• Plantation owners basically ruled South's economy and politics
• America thought slavery would die out but Eli Whitney made cotton gin
• Cotton went from expensive luxery to cheap + highly demanded good
• Cotton biggest income + used much land
  
  Slave South
• Slaves poorly dressed; Given about 2 sets of cloths per year + if becomes useless then go naked; Slept on cold floor
• Slave masters are considered "good" if they fully feed the slaves
• Fredrick Douglas: thought slavery on both ends dehumanizing; Escaped 1838; Fought slavery with reading + writing, kept from doing so as a child; Help with Underground Railroad, those slaves gained different jobs but kept individuality
  
  Slave Life + Revolt
• Blks practiced own versions Christianity
• Resisted slavery by revolting, breaking tools, escaping to be w/ Indians, and poisoned masters
• Nat Turner's revolt killed 61 whites but him + 16 followers executed
• White southerners enforced slavery more
  
  Aboloition Movement
• David Walker's Appeal called for slave revolt; Southerners requested $10,000 bounty on him
• New England Anti-Slavery Society and Liberator (strong newspaper) formed by William Henry Garrison
• John Brown + Fredrick Douglas + Sojourner Truth strong rebels
• Women helped slaves
• Cartoons made to ridicule slave owners
  
  Argument for Slavery
• South must have slaves for cotton
• South says North had ill-cared workers (poor working conditions) while South treats slaves better
• Believed need of many people on bottom so people on top appear more civilized
  
  Abraham Lincoln
• Thought slavery would blemish American Liberty; Southerners thought controlling blacks as liberty
• Constitution leftout slavery; Any decision left to each state and slaves can be labeled as property
  
• Henry Clay's Missouri Compromise helped US economy; More states however began becoming free states
• South made laws to recapture slaves, made Northerners appalled at long time neighbors dragged from homes
• Kansas and Nebraska Act 1854, gov't allowed states to make choice of free or slave state and repeals Missouri Compromise of 1820
• When going to work, congressmen brought weapons for protection
• Missouri refused dred Scott's trial, Missouri Compromise says no black slaves allowied in free states; Missouri Compromise declared as unconstitutional by Illinois
• Free soil, labor, men: ideas that made up Republicans
• 1859, John Brown and others sacked Harpers Ferry, VA so slaves could be armed to libeate themselves; Him and others executed
  
  House of Representatives Divides
• Lincoln won presidency but not on 10 Souther ballots; wanted states to keep most of their rights, except for slavery, but South "seceded" beginning with South Carolina
• Fort Sumter, held in South, with few men and low supplies lost to Confederates