Chapter 16 Civil War Issues cont. and the start of Chapter 17

Notes from Wednesday December 10th

The draft riots in the North and the bread riots in the South showed that there were great gaps between classes. Many got bad for example many women set building ablaze overthe riots.

• The wealthy were heavily taxed and the Southern planter class and the northern middle class were overrepresented
• NW nonslaveholding congress favor northern values

The Homestead Act granted a farmer 160 acres of land for basically nothing after he lived on the land for 5 years and made improvements on it.

The Morvill land grant college act gave each state thousands of acres to make new colleges to give agricultural and mechanical educations

The pacific railroad act granted land and loans to railroad companines to start the building of a transcontinental railroad. from Omaha to Sacramento

POW Camps and the exchange controversy

• The conditions in the north and south were both very bad
• it would of been easier to just exchange the POWs it would of stopped the use of black soldiers in the north
• 16% of union soldiers in the south died in captivity
• 12% of confederate soldiers in the north died in captivity
• Andersonville in the South was the most infamous POW camp but both sides had bad condidtions

Election of 1864

• Lincoln wins his second election
• during his second inaugural address he says that he was plannning on a quick return to normalcy and reconcilliation
• he basically wants to end the war and go back to how things were before the war
• The civil war ends
• Lincoln is assassinated in his box at the Ford's Theatere on April 14 1865 by Joh wilkes Booth

END OF CHAPTER 16

Test on Tuesday Dec. 16 and Timed Write on Wednesday Dec 17

CHAPTER 17 ( NOT ON THIS WEEKS TEST)

Presidential Reconstruction-healing the damage of the civil war and putting the country back together

Lincoln's Plan

• a quick reconstruction
• the southern states that didnt succeeded didnt need to be re-admitted
• 10% plan said that when 10% of the number of voters in a state took an oath or allegiance they recieved a presidential pardon that said the states could reconstitute the state's govt.
• the only problem with that plan was that the confederate leaders represented the states who were the ones who originally started the war

Johnson's Plan

• like lincoln he tried not to get congress involved
• wanted a quick reconstruction as well but he was more interested in punishing the southerners
• ready to pardon all the highest ranking confederate officials, senior mmilitary officers and the confederates w/ $20,000 or more
• when 10% of white men in the state had recieved amnesty and taken the oath could vote on a new state constution

Wade Davis Bill

• Congress decides to get involved
• requires that 50% of a states voters had to take the oath
• it gave stronger saveguards for former slaves
• it showed the consern that congress had that lincoln's 10% hand would lead to the re-enslavement of blacks
• it also showed that congress doesnt agree with the president and lincoln ends up veto-ing the bill anyway

After the assassination of lincoln president johnson honored some of lincoln's 10% plan when he started. over time he began issuing pardons to ex confederates giving them their property and voting rites back.

He sat and watched as southern voters elected ex-confeterates as state officaials and to congress

looked on as states passed laws know as a black codes which were designed to keep former slaves in near slavery.

Black Codes

• Blacks were excluded from juries
• denied the vote
• could not testify in court
• interracial marriages were banned
• unemplyed blacks declared "vagrants" and hired out to planters

Land labor problems

• Southern agricultural economy is in shambles
• blacks are slaves no more
• some however worked the land for small wages or shares of crops
• many slaves refuse to work for their former owners
• many were on the move and signed on to near by farms, or into the city, to go find relatives, or some just wandered
• It leads to the development of share cropping b/c there was not a lot of cash to py wages so they make a deal with the family comes and works on a set # of acres they get a place to live and work the land. when the time comes to selling it they split the money with the owners

The freedmens bureau created by congress to oversee relations between former slaves and owners. it supervised free labor wage contracts that free blacks were signing with teir landowners. they issued food rations.

thats it sry it was a few days late

-Allysa