Tuesday 1-6-09

i appologize for being so late with this

passed out the AP US History 1st Semester Exam Review Sheet
the exam -160 5 choice mult.choice questions
-topics of ^ are on the sheet
-if some dont make sense dont worry about it
-not scantron but mchoice.. answersheet..

Ch. 20 Industrial Society 1890-1920
Economic Growth after the Civil War and Reconstruction
corporations changing the face of America *(ch.20 builds heavily on ch.19)
Rutherford Hayes is pres. > end reconstruction, remove troops from South and turn to making $
things are getting bigger and more complicated. buisness management changes
1. electricity 2. gas engine
Slaters Mill was water powered -> steam power tech. -> now electric.
cities w/ mass transit (horsedrawn trolleys) move to electric trolleys
amusements - parks can be lit up at night, movie houses..
Henry Ford - Model T automobile 1 model/1 color but cheap and reliable.
auto business stimulates steelmaking, glass, rubber, gasoline refining, road construction/improvement, (gas)service stations
railroads are big time. transcontinental railroadS* covering US.
1 buisness now has buyers all over which allows those building products to be very large companies. Telegraph - contracts.. when its coming.. all done from 1000s of miles away.
mass production technique. faster, efficient. replacing SKILLED workers with machines that are run by unskilled workers.
with the ability to mass produce, pressure to sell. beginning of advertizing.
as mult. car models emerge.. buy this car.
many products being advertized
* beginning of buisness cycle
produce so much that it stocks up in warehouses.. fire workers... stop production till surplus is sold. Buisness look for ways to even out this cycle.
railroad buisness is cutthroat. dirty tricks used to put competitors out of buisness
farmers in west that are serviced by one line.. prices jacked up.
railroad pools.. coming together and dividing the market.
robber barons. large corporations
gov. called on to regulate monopolys
1890 Sherman Antitrust Act. supposed to break up monopolys but with poor enforcement capabilaties.. unsuccessful. courts actually use it to put constraints on workers
mergers - popular (several small companies made into 1) one of the 1st is James Duke - 5 cigg. companies into American Tobacco Comp. James Duke - from N.C. (Duke University)
gas- Standard Oil
Westinghouse
Carnigie - US steel
Armour
International Harvester
General Electric
Swift...
LARGE companies create changes in buisness techniques
so big, 1 owner cant manage
college ed. to buisness management
professional managers. push for mor scientific methods (scientific management)-term
they could make more $ if they made workers more efficient. Frederick Taylor - time/motion studies. watch workers.. when they take breaks.. wasted movement.. and reduce
product was a repetitive.. assembly line. the belt would bring the thing to the worker.. no movement. accident rate up but more efficient. workers dont like it.
Henry Ford tries this method and workers quit. pay raise to keep job.. $5 a day. 2x industry av.
Newport RI - mansions - huge= summer cottages for robber barrons
scrutinized for thier lavish lifestyles. Cornelius Vanderbilt, Jay Gould, Leland Stanford - lack of concern for workers causes worker unrest. some have 2nd thoughts on Social Darwinism (fittest are the wealthy)
Andrew Carnigie has so much $ that he doesnt know what to do with it. some develop a sense of conscience.
Gospel of Wealth - deserve thier wealth - theyre wealthy bc theyre the best. - no incentive to help others. wrestles with this idea.. wants to help communities not individuals. Carnigie builds libraries. John Rockefeller - University of Chicago - Rockefeller Foundation funds research institutes
this wasnt totally bc of a change of heart.. there was a push for these rich guys to start helping people.. called the muckrakers.. look into the monopolists actions/ spending habits. Ida Tarbell does Standard Oil for example.