Notes from Wednesday 25th

AMERICAN COLD WAR ACTIVITIES:
-Massive retaliation- a military defense strategy that reserved the right to use weapons of US choosing (nukes) at a time and place of US choosing.
-The southeast treaty organization (SEATO) was a mutual defense agreement with Australia, France, Great Britian, New Zealand, Pakistan, Phillapines and Thailand.

-The central treaty organization (CENTO) formed in 1959, linked Pakistan, Iran, Turkey and Britian.

Voice of America beamed radio boradcast around the world in several languages. Covertly the US founded radio: Free Europe, Radio Liberty ( to the Soviet Union) and Radio Asia.

-US & Soviet Union resumes Summit meetings
*Kruschev toured the US
* Armed limitation consideration
* President Eisonhower proposed open skies (ability to fly over eachothers territory)
* Soviet Union refused

- By 1950 communism shifted to the third world.
- 1953 Mohammed Mossadeghs gov. in Iran is overthrown by the CIA.
-they put Shareza Pahlavi back on the peacock throne in 1953

- we now know that in the early to mid 50's people living near test sights (nuclear testing) suffered from atomic related illnesses. Test with radio active material on unsespecting Americans

- 1956 Hungarian resistance of fighters wanting a higher degree of freedom, and to get rid of the Soviets. Come to the US for help. Soviets quickly crish the resisters before the US could help. US is powerless to help Hungary. This causes the US to lose their influence in that area of the world.

- 1954 CIA working w/ united fruit company ( remember dollar diplomacy) brought down the Arbenz gov. in Guatemala
-1960 CIA had about 15,000 agents around the world.

US came to identify "freedom" with the "free market"
caused the US to oppose some third world gov-directed economies
under the mutual security program and the military assistance program the US spent $3 bilion per year and trained 225,000 representatives from around the world for anti-communism attacks.

- In the Middle East, Gamal Abdul Nasser came to power in Egypt
-accepted aid from the US and the Soviet Union
-when he purchased advanced military weapons from Czech and diplomatically recognized communist China. The US punishes him and canceled loans to support a dam over the Nile ...Aswan Dam

-Nasser retaliates; he seizes Suez Canal 1956
- Britian, France and Israel attack Egypt to retake the canal
-Eisonhower opposes the attack on Egypt and pressures Britian to pull back
-In the end Egypt kept the canal
-Soviets take over financing of Aswan Dam and cement their ties with Egypt

EISONHOWER DOCTRINE:

-spring 1957 Eisonhower Doctrine pledged to defend the middle east countries and against overt armed agression from any communist country
-Us sent amrines to Lebanon to set up anti Nasser gov
-Britian restores King Hussein in Jordan
-US tried to thwart revolutionary movement in other parts of the world
-CIA supported uprising against Sukarno the president of Indonesia
-CIA also tries to assasinate Fidel Castro of Cuba and Patrice Lumbumba....(it doesnt work)

INDO CHINA & HO CHI MINH:
-in indo china communist naionalist forces led by Ho Chi Minh were fighting France for independance
-Ho Chi Minh had appealed to the US for help but they chose to support France instead.

INDO CHINA:
- Ho Chi minh forces defeated the french at Dien Bien Phu in 1954; French withdrew from China
-resulting Geneva peace talks french troops left the region and indo china.....


****Dont forget that the timed write is tomorrow!! Good luck to everyone! Also Dont forget that the take home test we got in class today is due on Monday...once again I wish everyone the best of luck on that!!!****